This article examines phraseological units expressing the concept of time in the Kyrgyz and Russian languages, reflecting the cultural-semantic and mental characteristics of the two peoples. Time is a fundamental category of human consciousness through which the worldview and perception of life processes are formed. Phraseological units, being stable linguistic expressions with figurative meanings, reflect not only objective features of time—such as transience, cyclicity, and irreversibility—but also emotional, ethical, and philosophical attitudes toward it. In Kyrgyz, based on nomadic traditions and a close connection with nature, time is perceived as a natural, cyclical process. Many expressions emphasize patience, waiting for the right moment, harmony with natural rhythms, and acceptance of the inevitable. In Russian, time is more often viewed as a limited resource requiring rational and efficient use, which is prominently reflected in phraseological units emphasizing urgency, activity, and responsibility. Comparative analysis reveals significant differences in the conceptualization of time in the two languages and cultures, demonstrating the influence of historical, social, and cultural factors on the formation of linguistic expressions. Moreover, the article highlights the role of studying phraseological units in fostering intercultural understanding and effective communication in conditions of globalization. The research contributes to a deeper comprehension of national mentalities through language and culture and expands understanding of the diversity of time perception.