This article examines the influence of temperature factors on the stability and deformation behaviour of earth dam slopes. It presents the mechanisms of temperature effects, including freeze–thaw cycles, frost heave, changes in soil strength characteristics, and temperature-induced stresses. Research methods are described, including field observations and laboratory tests. Formulas for calculating the stability factor of embankment slopes, taking temperature effects into account, are examined. The results obtained show that temperature processes have a decisive influence on the stress-strain state of soil masses, the formation of potential slip surfaces and the durability of dam structures. It is concluded that temperature factors must be taken into account during the design, calculation and operation of hydraulic structures in order to prevent deformations and ensure their reliable operation.